- Ad hominem
- Straw man
- False cause
- Slippery slope
- Appeal to emotion
- Black or white, either/or
- Irrelevant Appeal: tradition, authority, consequences, forces, novelty, pity, popularity, poverty, wealth [pick one]
Monday, November 2, 2015
Logical Fallacies Activity
With your partner, find an example for each logical fallacy below. Ads are a good place to start. You can post a link for us to review the website or just paste the information.
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1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FnO3igOkOk
ReplyDelete2. http://independentaustralia.net/wordpress-opt/wp-content/2012/03/gay_000306marriage.gif
3. http://www.trulyfallacious.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/false-cause.jpg
4. http://www.hitreach.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Pringles.jpg
5. http://www.culturalcognition.net/storage/ScreenHunter_1550%20Nov.%2002%2009.07.jpg?__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION=1383397792388
6. https://mrobrecht.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/logical-fallacy-3.png
7. http://image.cdn.ispot.tv/ad/7VSI/aspca-neglect-and-abused-animals-large-6.jpg
1. A lawyer attacking a defendant’s character rather than addressing or questioning based on the case
ReplyDelete2. https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/2d/4a/65/2d4a65414bc89eb0631973c7eafc8657.gif
3. Money makes people arrogant.
4. https://craigssenseofwonder.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/tbrn359l-jpg.png
5. https://danyaenglish.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/famine-no-more.jpg
6.https://33.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m02txbBmhQ1qa1zvj.jpg
7. The working classes respect family and community ties, therefore respect for family and community ties is virtuous.
Ad Hominem: “President Barack “Choom Gang” Obama” (I think this is one of my favorites) is openly derided by his opponents as “socialist”, “anti-American”, and “Muslim.” Although this criticism is not a fallacy in itself, it becomes a fallacy when it is (often) used to justify opposition to Obama’s policies
ReplyDeleteStraw man: He claims, for instance, that free markets are unrealistic, that those who advocate free markets are motivated by “rage,” that they operate by “pretending” and “imagining” things about markets and government that are not the case, that they “tend to engage in projection,” and that they are living a “foolish fantasy
False Cause: "This food (or supplement) is natural. Natural foods are good for you. Therefore, this food (or supplement) is good for you." Arsenic. Lead. Poison Ivy. Cyanide. Need I say more? There's a long list of natural substances that are toxic, and a natural provenance doesn't make a food, ingredient or supplement inherently healthy, beneficial or safe.
Slippery Slope: If you permit scientists to destroy human embryos for the purpose of research, it's a slippery slope from there to killing human fetuses in order to harvest tissue, and from there to euthanizing disabled or terminally ill people to harvest their organs, and from there to human cloning and human-animal hybrids, and if making chimeras is okay, well then Dr. Frankenstein must also be okay, and Dr. Mengele, too, and before you know it, it's one long hapless inevitable slide from high-minded medicine to the Nazis.
Appeal to emotions: Think of a commercial for an expensive sports shoe. The premise behind the shoe is that it makes you feel good about yourself and you'll be popular and you'll be able to do all kinds of jumps and sports kicks with them.
Black or white/either or: Whilst rallying support for his plan to fundamentally undermine citizens' rights, the Supreme Leader told the people they were either on his side, or they were on the side of the enemy.
Irrelevant Appeal: to claim that vaccines are not safe because Dr. Jay Gordon, a pediatrician and assistant professor of pediatrics at UCLA Medical School, says they're not. Quoting Gordon's reasons does not make the appeal to his belief relevant to whether vaccines are safe. The following claims don't become true just because Dr. Gordon asserts them
Ad hominem
ReplyDeleteA lawyer attacking a defendant’s character rather than addressing or questioning based on the case, e.g., in a case of theft pointing out the defendant’s level of poverty.
Straw man
"Senator Jones says that we should not fund the attack submarine program. I disagree entirely. I can't understand why he wants to leave us defenseless like that."
False cause
Every day, I eat cereal for breakfast. One time, I had a muffin instead, and there was a major earthquake in my city. I've eaten cereal ever since.
Slippery slope
"We've got to stop them from banning pornography. Once they start banning one form of literature, they will never stop. Next thing you know, they will be burning all the books!"
Appeal to emotion
The new UltraSkinny diet will make you feel great. No longer be troubled by your weight. Enjoy the admiring stares of the opposite sex. Revel in your new freedom from fat. You will know true happiness if you try our diet!
Black or white, either/ or
Senator Jill: "We'll have to cut education funding this year."
Senator Bill: "Why?"
Senator Jill: "Well, either we cut the social programs or we live with a huge deficit and we can't live with the deficit."
Irrelevant appeal: Authority
I'm not a doctor, but I play one on the hit series "Bimbos and Studmuffins in the OR." You can take it from me that when you need a fast acting, effective and safe pain killer there is nothing better than MorphiDope 2000. That is my considered medical opinion.
Logical Fallacies Activity
ReplyDeleteWith your partner, find an example for each logical fallacy below. Ads are a good place to start. You can post a link for us to review the website or just paste the information.
1. Ad hominem:
1. “…Was this condescending, coming from the guy working for the socialist who is running a clear second to the former first lady? One could make that argument.”
2. URL: http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2015/11/02/over-top-hillary-camp-slams-sanders-for-sexism/
2. Straw man:
1. “And it can be tricky to run against a woman, as Rick Lazio learned when he was running against Clinton in 2000, walked over to her during a debate and was widely criticized for having invaded her space.”
2. URL: http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2015/11/02/over-top-hillary-camp-slams-sanders-for-sexism/
3. False cause:
1. You can catch the flu from the vaccine
2. URL: http://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/10-flu-myths
4. Slippery slope:
1. “If President Obama gets reelected, he’s gonna have one to three Supreme Court appointments and I guarantee you this, if that happens, one to three more [Justice Sonia] Sotomayors and [Justice Elena] Kagans and we can kiss our constitutional right to own a firearm in the United States goodbye, along with a lot of the rest of our freedoms. And we can’t let that happen.”
2. URL: http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/01/18/1179949/-Are-we-Headed-for-a-Shooting-Civil-War-over-Guns#
5. Appeal to emotion:
1. Starving Children Need Your Help!
6. Black or white, either/or
7. Irrelevant Appeal: tradition, authority, consequences, forces, novelty, pity, popularity, poverty, wealth [pick one] :
1. Novelty: “The same blue food dye found in M&Ms and Gatorade could be used to reduce damage caused by spine injuries, offering a better chance of recovery, according to new research.”
Stephanie Button & Sierra Hunt
ReplyDelete1. Ad Hominem- http://www.critthink2.org/2011/04/06/fox-news-viewer-email/
2. Straw Man- Ezekiel 33:10-11New King James Version (NKJV)
10 “Therefore you, O son of man, say to the house of Israel: ‘Thus you say, “If our transgressions and our sins lie upon us, and we pine away in them, how can we then live?”’ 11 Say to them: ‘As I live,’ says the Lord GOD, ‘I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but that the wicked turn from his way and live. Turn, turn from your evil ways! For why should you die, O house of Israel?’
3. False Cause- http://pactiss.org/2012/02/11/post-hoc-ergo-propter-hoc-correlation-does-not-imply-causation/
4. Slippery Slope- "If we allow same-sex couples to marry, we're going to have to allow polygamy! We'll have to allow people to marry children! And their pets! And toasters!"
5. Appeal to Emotion- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1023844/The-graphic-image-warns-binge-women-end-looking-like-man.html
6. Either/Or- http://www.buzzle.com/articles/explanation-of-either-or-fallacy-with-examples.html
7. Irrelevant Appeal(Popularity)- http://sites.psu.edu/pghrcl1415/2014/09/24/smoking-is-believing/
Kayla,Larkin,Michaela
ReplyDeleteAd hominem- http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/18/politics/donald-trump-heidi-klum-no-longer-a-ten/
Straw man- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9A2Cxhwn8eQmaking the other companie's prices seem outrageous
False cause- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eewj6iZQK6Y
Appeal to emotion- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IO9d2PpP7tQ
Black or white, either/or -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mm_niiQfeWc
Irrelevant Appeal- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3gcqzzlTso
CORRECTION
ReplyDeleteSlippery Slope
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eewj6iZQK6Y
False Cause
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwHEePkhWaw